COVID-19 continues to evolve, and its symptoms can vary depending on the circulating variant, a person’s immunity, vaccination history and other factors.
The EG.5 lineage, sometimes nicknamed “Eris,” was an Omicron descendant that attracted international attention in 2023. It should not be described as a newly emerging COVID-19 variant today. However, many of the symptoms associated with Omicron-era infections remain useful examples of how COVID-19 can present.
Five Commonly Reported Symptoms
COVID-19 may cause symptoms resembling those of a cold or other respiratory infection, including:
runny or stuffy nose;
headache;
fatigue or weakness;
sneezing;
sore throat.
Cough, fever, muscle aches and other symptoms can also occur.
What Has Changed Since the Beginning of the Pandemic?
Loss of smell or taste was particularly characteristic of earlier phases of the pandemic, but it became less commonly reported with later Omicron lineages.
Many infections are relatively mild, particularly in people with existing immunity. However, COVID-19 can still cause serious illness, especially among older adults and people with certain underlying health conditions.
Symptoms alone cannot reliably distinguish COVID-19 from influenza, the common cold or other respiratory infections.
What Should You Do If Symptoms Appear?
If you develop symptoms of a respiratory infection, consider limiting close contact with other people, particularly those at higher risk of severe illness.
Rest, adequate fluid intake and monitoring of symptoms are appropriate for many mild cases. Testing may also be useful depending on individual circumstances and local medical guidance.
Seek medical attention if symptoms become severe or concerning. Difficulty breathing, persistent chest pain, confusion or other signs of serious illness require prompt medical evaluation.
This information is provided for general educational purposes and does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
