Understanding Acne: Causes and Effects
Acne is a widespread skin issue that results in the development of pimples, often referred to as «zits.» These can appear as blackheads, whiteheads, or inflamed red spots, and in more serious instances, painful cysts can form beneath the skin.
What Triggers Acne?
Acne starts when pores—small openings on the skin’s surface—become blocked. Each pore is linked to a follicle, which contains both a hair and a sebaceous (oil) gland. These glands naturally produce oil, which plays a vital role in removing dead skin cells and keeping the skin moisturized. However, when there’s an excess of oil and dead skin cells, they can combine to form a clog—also known as a comedone.
- When the clog remains sealed beneath the skin’s surface, it forms a whitehead.
- If it’s exposed to the air, the surface darkens, resulting in a blackhead.
- Should bacteria become trapped in a blocked pore, it can trigger inflammation, creating pimples.
- In severe cases, the clog can lead to deeply rooted, painful lumps known as nodulocystic acne.
Although everyone has pores, some individuals are more susceptible to breakouts than others. While acne is commonly linked to adolescence—due to hormonal changes during puberty—it can appear at any age, even in infants. Genetics also contribute significantly, as acne often runs in families.
